Political Marriage– tax –

Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor. Few monarchs in 18th-century Europe embodied such passion and contradiction in equal measure. As an enlightened despot, he relentlessly pursued reforms—abolishing serfdom, promoting religious tolerance, and...

Born in Austria, and forever remembered in the storm of the French Revolution—Marie Antoinette. She is often spoken of merely as a “symbol of waste and extravagance.”Yet if we trace her life carefully, behind the dazzling gowns and the g...

Among the monarchs of English history, few have stirred the imagination quite like her. Elizabeth I. Known as the “Virgin Queen,” she led 16th-century England into a golden age. She defeated the Spanish Armada, saw the flowering of Shake...

Dante Alighieri.A towering figure who symbolizes medieval European literature and stands among the greatest in the history of world letters. The long narrative poem that immortalized his name, The Divine Comedy, is a grand tale of a jour...

The 14th emperor of the Roman Empire: Hadrian. Born in a small town on the Italian peninsula, he would one day rule over the world’s greatest empire. Hadrian was an emperor who valued reason and aesthetics above the sword.He rebuilt the ...

Did the sun continue to shine even through the night? King Louis XIV of France — the man known as the Sun King — illuminated the skies of seventeenth-century Europe with dazzling brilliance.He ascended the throne at the age of ...

Born on the winds of the Nile, she captivated men and shook empires — Cleopatra VII.Her name, even after thousands of years, still stirs the imagination as a symbol of love and power. In this article, we focus on the history and lov...